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Commentary; Can Little Mary Learn = if=20 Teacher's in the Dark?; "Technique" gang aims to steer the = college=20 training away from content; [HOME = EDITION]

Jerry=20 Griswold. Los=20 Angeles Times. Los=20 Angeles, Calif.: Oct 27,=20 2003. pg. B.11

Full=20 Text (741 words)

Since 1970, California's = teacher-preparation=20 programs have been shaped by the Ryan Act, which mandates = that=20 would-be schoolteachers must first earn a bachelor's degree = before=20 taking courses in how to teach in a "fifth year" of = credential study=20 in schools of education. As undergraduates, most future = elementary=20 school teachers, for example, major in liberal studies -- a = general=20 program that includes classes in English, math, science, = history,=20 social sciences, physical education and the arts.

The thinking behind the Ryan Act was = simple:=20 Teachers need to know something before they learn how to = teach. And=20 this common- sense California idea proved a model for = educational=20 programs in other states.

But the Ryan Act has recently come under = attack.=20 Some critics say future grade-school teachers, for example,=20 shouldn't have to pass undergraduate math or science classes = to=20 teach at elementary and middle schools, and they needn't = take=20 English classes in order to lead a story hour. "Content" = classes,=20 critics say, needlessly prolong teacher training and should = be=20 dropped or shortened. Instead, emphasis should be given to = practical=20 classes on how to teach.

The Ryan Act's challengers are well- = intentioned=20 politicians seeking to remedy teacher shortages. In the = 1990s,=20 burgeoning student populations and a drive to reduce class = sizes=20 created shortages, and education schools offered everything = from=20 fast-track programs to "blended" undergraduate and = credentialing=20 classes to increase the numbers of teachers.

But today, that shortage no longer = exists. Now,=20 with a fiscal crisis and a glut of teachers, many newly = trained=20 educators can't find jobs, and school districts across the = state are=20 laying off those already employed. Nonetheless, that news = apparently=20 hasn't reached Sacramento, and a misguided movement to speed = up=20 California's teacher-prep programs continues unabated.

The most recent assault on the Ryan Act = is SB 81, a=20 bill that passed the state Legislature and was signed = recently by=20 outgoing Gov. Gray Davis. The new law reduces requirements,=20 mandating that universities create programs in which the = total of=20 undergraduate and credentialing classes fall somewhere = between 120=20 and 135 units. Since the former system required 124 units = for a=20 bachelor's degree and an additional 30 units in teacher = education,=20 the question is what gets cut.

Mark Shapiro, an emeritus Cal State = Fullerton=20 physics professor who writes commentary on higher education = issues,=20 predicts that content courses -- not education courses -- = will be=20 jettisoned. At Fullerton, for example, he sees as likely = cuts seven=20 classes that future teachers now take in English, math, = science and=20 the arts. Another scenario, however, is the continuation of=20 "blended" curriculums in which content is reduced to make = room for=20 instruction in pedagogy. Either way, future teachers will = spend less=20 time learning about the subjects they are supposed to = teach.

What happens when content classes get = eliminated or=20 watered down? Consider literature. Teachers who haven't been = required to read and study a rich range of writers are not = likely to=20 introduce your kids to socially significant books and = classic=20 masterpieces. Forget "To Kill a Mockingbird" and = "Charlotte's Web"=20 -- for these kinds of teachers, selecting class reading = material=20 gets narrowed to ransacking the library shelves for, say,=20 Halloween-themed books. Even in school districts that = require the=20 use of quality literature, if future teachers aren't taught = to=20 recognize the meanings of stories, they will perpetuate = superficial=20 reading in their students. And poor reading skills mean poor = performance on state and national exams.

The reduction of units required for a = teaching=20 credential is also likely to engender turf wars between = professors=20 in sciences and the humanities and those in education about = what the=20 new teacher- preparation programs should include. The wrong = kinds of=20 questions are already being debated: "Should Johnny's = teacher know=20 math or know how to teach math?" "Should Juanita's teacher = actually=20 have read children's literature or only learn how to use = it?"

That these mistaken either/or questions = are on the=20 table is an immediate tragedy of the gutting of the Ryan = Act. But=20 the greater tragedy is yet to come. Though the new = requirements will=20 no doubt speed up the production of teachers, they also = guarantee=20 that the state's next generation of teachers will know less = than=20 their predecessors. Whatever the problems of California's = schools,=20 they won't be solved by putting less educated teachers in = the=20 classroom.

Jerry Griswold teaches children's = literature to=20 would-be teachers at San Diego State University and = volunteers at a=20 dual-language elementary school in Chula Vista.

[Illustration]

Caption: PHOTO: (no caption); = PHOTOGRAPHER:=20 Larry Wright The Detroit = News

=20

Reproduced with permission of the copyright = owner.=20 Further reproduction or distribution is prohibited without = permission.

Section:   California Metro; Part B; = Editorial=20 Pages Desk

ISSN/ISBN:   04583035

Text Word = Count   741

Document = URL:

Reproduced=20 with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction or=20 distribution is prohibited without permission.

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new Array();=0A= var Tacoda_AMS_DDC_vars_num =3D 0;=0A= function Tacoda_AMS_DDC_getCookie(name) {=0A= var cname =3D name + "=3D";=0A= var dc =3D document.cookie;=0A= if (dc.length > 0) {=0A= for(var begin =3D dc.indexOf(cname); begin !=3D -1; begin =3D = dc.indexOf(cname, begin)) {=0A= if((begin !=3D 0) && (dc.charAt(begin - 1) !=3D ' ')) {=0A= begin++;=0A= continue;=0A= }=0A= begin +=3D cname.length;=0A= var end =3D dc.indexOf(";", begin);=0A= if (end =3D=3D -1)=0A= end =3D dc.length;=0A= return unescape(dc.substring(begin, end));=0A= }=0A= }=0A= return Tacoda_AMS_DDC_clist_notset;=0A= }=0A= function Tacoda_AMS_DDC_addPair(key, value) {=0A= Tacoda_AMS_DDC_keys[Tacoda_AMS_DDC_vars_num] =3D key;=0A= Tacoda_AMS_DDC_values[Tacoda_AMS_DDC_vars_num] =3D value;=0A= Tacoda_AMS_DDC_vars_num++;=0A= }=0A= function Tacoda_AMS_DDC_collect_vars() {=0A= var Tacoda_AMS_DDC_vars_as_string =3D "";=0A= for(var i =3D 0; i < Tacoda_AMS_DDC_vars_num; i++) {=0A= Tacoda_AMS_DDC_vars_as_string +=3D "&var_" + escape( = Tacoda_AMS_DDC_keys[i] ) + "=3D" + escape( Tacoda_AMS_DDC_values[i] ) ;=0A= }=0A= return Tacoda_AMS_DDC_vars_as_string;=0A= }=0A= function Tacoda_AMS_DDC(Tacoda_AMS_DDC_img_url, Tacoda_AMS_DDC_js) {=0A= Tacoda_AMS_DDC_js =3D parseFloat(Tacoda_AMS_DDC_js);=0A= Tacoda_AMS_DDC_args =3D "?" + Math.random() + "&snippet_version=3D" + = Tacoda_AMS_DDC_snippet_version + "&referrer=3D" + = escape(document.referrer) + "&page=3D" + escape(window.location.href);=0A= Tacoda_AMS_DDC_args +=3D "&timezone=3D" + (new = Date()).getTimezoneOffset();=0A= for(var i =3D 0; i < Tacoda_AMS_DDC_clist.length; i++) {=0A= var clist_name =3D Tacoda_AMS_DDC_clist[i];=0A= var clist_value =3D Tacoda_AMS_DDC_getCookie(clist_name);=0A= if(clist_value !=3D null) {=0A= Tacoda_AMS_DDC_args +=3D "&clist_" + escape(clist_name) + "=3D" + = escape(clist_value);=0A= }=0A= }=0A= Tacoda_AMS_DDC_args +=3D Tacoda_AMS_DDC_collect_vars();=0A= var Tacoda_AMS_DDC_fake_image =3D new Image();=0A= Tacoda_AMS_DDC_fake_image.src =3D Tacoda_AMS_DDC_img_url + = Tacoda_AMS_DDC_args;=0A= }=0A= =0A= ------=_NextPart_000_001E_01C5BC10.AD01C480 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/js/windoid.js windoids =3D new Array();=0A= =0A= function windoid (url, name, width, height, props, autoClose) {=0A= var winProps;=0A= =0A= // If the props argument isn't specified, make the window resizable and = scrollable=0A= if (props =3D=3D null)=0A= { winProps =3D 'resizable=3D1,scrollbars=3D1,top=3D50,left=3D50'; }=0A= else=0A= { winProps =3D props +=3D ',top=3D50,left=3D50'; }=0A= =0A= if (width !=3D null && width !=3D '') {=0A= // Try not to open a window wider than the screen=0A= if (window.screen && width > window.screen.availWidth)=0A= { winProps +=3D ',outerWidth=3D' + window.screen.availWidth; }=0A= else=0A= { winProps +=3D ',width=3D' + width; }=0A= }=0A= =0A= // if (height !=3D null && height !=3D '') {=0A= // Try not to open a window taller than the screen=0A= // if (window.screen && width > window.screen.availHeight)=0A= // { winProps +=3D ',outerHeight=3D' + window.screen.availHeight; }=0A= // else=0A= // { winProps +=3D ',height=3D' + height; }=0A= winProps +=3D ',height=3D' + height;=0A= // }=0A= =0A= if (winProps.charAt(0) =3D=3D ',')=0A= { winProps =3D winProps.substring(1); }=0A= =0A= var winName;=0A= =0A= if (name =3D=3D null || name =3D=3D '')=0A= { winName =3D '_blank'; }=0A= else=0A= { winName =3D name; }=0A= =0A= var win =3D window.open(url, winName, winProps);=0A= if (win.focus && winName !=3D '_blank') {=0A= // Bug in AOL 5.0 causes javascript error when=0A= // window.focus() is called before the page loads.=0A= if (navigator.appVersion.indexOf('AOL') < 0) {=0A= win.focus();=0A= }=0A= }=0A= =0A= if (autoClose =3D=3D true) {=0A= var addedToList =3D false;=0A= for (var i=3D0; i