X = 'dog' #  string with 3 chars
Y = 'd'    # string with one char
Z = ''    # empty string

L = str(1)  # no longer an int
I = int(str(1))  # Back we go!
M = str()

X[0]   # 1st element
X[1]   # 2nd element
X[3]   # Raises exception!

X+Y  # Concatenation!

XL = [24, 3.14, 'w'] #  List with 3 items
YL = [100]    # list with one item
ZL = [] #empty list

LL = list('hi!')  # make a string a list
ML = list()

XL[0]   # 1st element
XL[1]   # 2nd element
XL[3]   # Raises exception!

XL + YL # Concatenation!

# X + YL  # raises exception!

3 + 2
# 3 + str(2) # raises exception
# 3 + '2' # raises exception
3 + int(str(2))  # Ok again