Format of the 2^nd Midterm

The second midterm will have one longer essay (50%), and several shorter questions (50%). Both kinds of question will involve the material already listed on the study questions, but may ask you about specific words or phrases used by the various authors we have studied. Some of the main ones are listed below.

Omitted Study Question on Locke:

What are the fundamental natural rights of human beings? How does Locke prove that each person has these rights? Explain what a private property right is. Why is it controversial to say, as Locke does, that your own yourself? What rights are given up, and which are not given up, when a person joins a commonwealth?

Vocabulary for the 2^nd Midterm

Your should be able to explain what the following terms mean, according to the authors that used them:

1. Engels: bourgeois morality, proletarian morality
2. Mao: proletarian utilitarianism
3. Nietzsche: bad, evil, slave morality, ressentiment, caste of forced labor, caste of free labor.
4. Aristotle: natural slave, spirit and intelligence, naturally just.
5. Biological determinism, Social Darwinism, inevitability, paternalism
6. Beveridge: Self-governing race, Declaration of Independence, consent of the governed.
7. Powers: struggle for existence, race competition, expediency versus morality, ethnological museum.
8. Rousseau: state of nature, savage man, social or moral inequality, natural or physical inequality, perfectibility.
9. Locke: state of nature, promiscuously born to the same advantages of nature, political power.
10. I. Q. test materials: bell curve (statistical distribution), Bell Curve (the book), cultural or class bias.
11. Marx/Engels: proletariat, bourgeoisie, revolutionizing the instruments of production, anarchy of capitalist production, grave diggers of capitalism, political power, pauperism, “iron law of wages,” alienation, species being, division of labor.