Media Juan Bandini and daughter Doña Machado de Ridington Rancho Penascitos Mexican era adobe Henry Fitch Santiago E. Arquello Pio Pico family Andres Pico Indians Vaqueros Señorita Vaquero Vaquero San Diego On Horseback Rancheros La Primavera

A survey of the grants in the map shows some surprising things. First, a significant number of the initial rancho grantees were women, Indians and foreigners. Evidently it was not socially or legally impossible for them to acquire lands. Indeed one scholar has found that out of the 700 rancho land grants made by the Mexican government, fifty-five or 13 percent were given to women. In San Diego this was exactly the percentage. There were four women grantees: Magdalena Estudillo, Apolinaria Lorenzana (two grants), María Juana de Los Angeles, and María Antonia Pedrorena. There were two native grantees, Felipe, owner of Buena Vista Rancho and Andrés and JoséManuel the initial owners of Rancho Cuajome. In addition there were several naturalized foreigners who received rancho grants, John Warner, Joseph Snook, and Edward Stokes showing that ethnicity or even recent naturalization was not a barrier to ownership. As might be expected the majority of the first grantees were Mexican men. In terms of tradition or a bonding with the lands it is worth noting that an overwhelming number of the grants, 24 out of 29, were made during the last six years of effective Mexican sovereignty in California, that is between 1840 and 1846.