传统 [chuan2 tong3] /tradition/
的 [di4] /aim/clear/
我们 [wo3 men5] /we/us/ourselves/
研究 [yan2 jiu1] /research/
历史 [li4 shi3] /history/
常常 [chang2 chang2] /frequently/usually/often/
看见 [kan4 jian4] /to see/to catch sight of/
这个 [zhe4 ge4] /this/
名词 [ming2 ci2] /noun/
在 [zai4] /(located) at/in/exist/
开始 [kai1 shi3] /begin/beginning/start/initial/
意思 [yi4 si1] /idea/opinion/meaning/
主要 [zhu3 yao4] /main/principal/major/primary/
是 [shi4] /is/are/am/yes/to be/
讲 [jiang3] /to talk/speech/to speak/to tell/to explain/
古代 [gu3 dai4] /ancient times/olden times/
土地 [tu3 di4] /land/territory/
制度 [zhi4 du4] /(political) system or institution/
不 [bu4] /(negative prefix)/not/no/
能 [neng2] /can/may/capable/energy/able/
随便 [sui2 bian4] /as one wishes/as one pleases/casual/
买卖 [mai3 mai4] /buying and selling/business dealings/transactions/
有 [you3] /to have/there is/there are/to exist/to be/
人 [ren2] /man/person/people/
都 [du1] /(surname)/metropolis/capital city/
这些 [zhe4 xie5] /these/
把 [ba4] /handle/
分给 [fen1 gei3] /divide/
自己 [zi4 ji3] /self/(reflexive pronoun)/own/
跟 [gen1] /to follow/to go with/heel/with/and/
朋友 [peng2 you5] /friend/
一些 [yi1 xie1] /some/a few/a little/
没有 [mei2 you3] /haven't/hasn't/doesn't exist/to not have/to not be/
势力 [shi4 li5] /power/(ability to) influence/
生活 [sheng1 huo2] /life/activity/
地位 [di4 wei4] /position/status/place/
这种 [zhe4 zhong3] /this kind of/this sort of/this type of/
社会 [she4 hui4] /society/
里 [li3] /li, a Chinese unit of length = 1/2 kilometer/village/within/inside/
非常 [fei1 chang2] /unusual/extraordinary/extreme/very/exceptional/
清楚 [qing1 chu5] /clear/clearly understood/distinct/
一直 [yi4 zhi2] /continuously/always/from the beginning of ... up to .../all along/
父亲 [fu4 qin5] /father/
儿子 [er2 zi5] /son/
将来 [jiang1 lai2] /(the) future/
也 [ye3] /also/too/
要是 [yao4 shi4] /if/
一辈子 [yi1 bei4 zi5] /(for) a lifetime/
要 [yao4] /important/vital/to want/to be going to/must/
想 [xiang3] /to think/to believe/to suppose/to wish/to want/to miss/
改变 [gai3 bian4] /to change/to alter/to transform/
一个 [yi1 ge4] /a/an/
简直 [jian3 zhi2] /simply/at all/
事情 [shi4 qing5] /affair/matter/thing/business/
这样 [zhe4 yang4] /this (kind of, sort of)/this way/such/like this/such/
组织 [zu3 zhi1] /organization/
就 [jiu4] /at once/then/right away/only/(emphasis)/to approach/to move towards/to undertake/
上边 [shang4 bian5] /upside/
少数 [shao3 shu4] /small number/few/minority/
贵族 [gui4 zu2] /lord/nobility/nobleman/
多数 [duo1 shu4] /majority/most/
平民 [ping2 min2] /(ordinary) people/
识 [zhi4] /to record/write a footnote/
说 [shuo1] /to speak/to say/
情形 [qing2 xing5] /circumstances/situation/
又 [you4] /(once) again/also/both... and.../again/
时期 [shi2 qi1] /a period in time or history/period/time (interval)/phase/
到了 [dao4 le5] /in (a past time)/there were/
发生 [fa1 sheng1] /to happen/to occur/to take place/
关系 [guan1 xi5] /relation/relationship/to concern/to affect/to have to do with/relations/guanxi/
知识 [zhi1 shi5] /intellectual/knowledge-related/knowledge/
起来 [qi3 lai5] /beginning or continuing an action/upward movement/stand up/
才 [cai2] /just/not until/
很大 [hen3 da4] /tremendous/
变化 [bian4 hua4] /change/vary/
这 [zhei4] /this/these/
以前 [yi3 qian2] /before/formerly/previous/
两千 [liang3 qian1] /two thousand/
年 [nian2] /year/
当中 [dang1 zhong1] /among/in the middle/in the center/
不管 [bu4 guan3] /no matter (what, how)/regardless of/no matter/
实在 [shi2 zai4] /in reality/honestly/really/verily/concrete/
差不多 [cha4 bu5 duo1] /almost, nearly/
一样 [yi2 yang4] /same/like/equal to/the same as/just like/
根据 [gen1 ju4] /according to/based on/basis/foundation/
看法 [kan4 fa3] /way of looking at a thing/view/opinion/
所以 [suo3 yi3] /therefore/as a result/
家 [jia1] /furniture/tool/
从 [zong4] /second cousin/
到 [dao4] /to (a place)/until (a time)/up to/to go/to arrive/
最近 [zui4 jin4] /recent/recently/soon/
封建 [feng1 jian4] /feudal/
不过 [bu4 guo4] /only/merely/no more than/but/however/only/
时代 [shi2 dai4] /age/era/epoch/period/
特点 [te4 dian3] /characteristic (feature)/trait/feature/
大概 [da4 gai4] /roughly/probably/rough/approximate/about/
相同 [xiang1 tong2] /identical/same/
地方 [di4 fang5] /area/place/local/
多 [duo1] /many/much/a lot of/numerous/multi-/